Weather forecast in Steinbourg place

There is a light continuous stream of wind that is felt by the face; leaves rustle; ordinary vanes moved by wind.

Wind: light breeze, eastern, speed 4-7 km/h

On land:

At Sea:

Weak and short waves in the sea, still short, but more pronounced. Crests have a glassy appearance and do not break.

Wind gusts: 25 km/h
Relative humidity: 83-91%
Cloudiness: 99%
Atmospheric pressure: 1013 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Light cloud cover in the sky, no precipitation

Air temperature:

-5...-3 °C The temperature will not change

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light breeze, southeast, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 82-89%
Cloudiness: 37%
Atmospheric pressure: 1012-1013 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Air temperature:

-1...+1 °C The temperature will rise

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Clear skies, no precipitation

Wind: light breeze, northern, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 72-78%
Cloudiness: 51%
Atmospheric pressure: 1011-1012 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Direction of wind shown by smoke drift, but not by wind vanes.

Air temperature:

-2...-1 °C The air temperature will go down

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Clear skies, no precipitation

Wind: light air, southwest, speed 4 km/h

On land:

At Sea:

There are very weak waves at sea. Ripples with the appearance of scales are formed, but without foam crests.

Relative humidity: 70-79%
Cloudiness: 55%
Atmospheric pressure: 1011 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Tuesday, January 14, 2025 in Steinbourg the weather is expected to be like this:

during the night the air temperature drops to -4°C; too cold: slight increase in discomfort; low risk of frostbite; need to dress warmly and to stay dry, dew point: -6,99°C; precipitation is not expected, light breeze wind blowing from the east at a speed of 4-7 km/h, overcast sky
in the morning the air temperature will be -5...-3°C; too cold: slight increase in discomfort; low risk of frostbite; need to dress warmly and to stay dry, dew point: -7,25°C; precipitation is not expected, light breeze wind blowing from the south-east at a speed of 4-7 km/h, in some places, small clouds may form in the sky
in the afternoon the air temperature warms up to -1...+1°C; too cold: slight increase in discomfort; low risk of frostbite; need to dress warmly and to stay dry, dew point: -6,19°C; precipitation is not expected, light breeze wind blowing from the north at a speed of 4-7 km/h, the sky is clear, without clouds
in the evening the air temperature drops to -2...-1°C, dew point: -7,89°C; precipitation is not expected, light air wind blowing from the south-west at a speed of 4 km/h, the sky is clear, without clouds

day length is 08:42

Wednesday, January 15, 2025

The Sun:	Sunrise 08:18, Sunset 17:02.
The Moon:	Moonrise 18:44, Moonset 09:36, Moon phase: waning gibbous
	Geomagnetic Field: Unstable
	UV index: 0,3 (Low)

Air temperature:

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light air, western, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 68-71%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 1009-1011 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Air temperature:

+1...+3 °C The temperature will rise

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Snow and rain expected

Wind: light air, western, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 67-72%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 1009 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 0,3 mm
Visibility: 100%

Air temperature:

+2...+3 °C The temperature will rise

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light air, northern, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 7 km/h
Relative humidity: 64-78%
Cloudiness: 99%
Atmospheric pressure: 1009 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Air temperature:

+1...+2 °C The air temperature will go down

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wednesday, January 15, 2025 in Steinbourg the weather forecast is expected to be like this:

Wind: light breeze, northeast, speed 4-7 km/h
Relative humidity: 80-95%
Cloudiness: 97%
Atmospheric pressure: 1009-1011 hPa
Visibility: 100%

during the night the air temperature warms up to -2...0°C, dew point: -8,11°C; precipitation is not expected, light air wind blowing from the west at a speed of 4 km/h, overcast sky
in the morning the air temperature warms up to +1...+3°C, dew point: -4,79°C; snow is expected, when leaving the house, we recommend that you bring an umbrella, light air wind blowing from the west at a speed of 4 km/h, overcast sky
in the afternoon the air temperature warms up to +2...+3°C, dew point: -3,49°C; there may be light precipitation, light air wind blowing from the north at a speed of 4 km/h, overcast sky
in the evening the air temperature drops to +1...+2°C; too cold: slight increase in discomfort; low risk of frostbite; need to dress warmly and to stay dry, dew point: -1,1°C; precipitation is not expected, light breeze wind blowing from the north-east at a speed of 4-7 km/h, overcast sky

day length is 08:44

Thursday, January 16, 2025

The Sun:	Sunrise 08:18, Sunset 17:03.
The Moon:	Moonrise 19:59, Moonset 09:56, Moon phase: waning gibbous
	Geomagnetic Field: Unstable
	UV index: 0,9 (Low)

Air temperature:

0...+1 °C

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light breeze, northeast, speed 7 km/h
Wind gusts: 25 km/h
Relative humidity: 95-96%
Cloudiness: 79%
Atmospheric pressure: 1009 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Air temperature:

+1...+2 °C The temperature will rise

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light breeze, northeast, speed 7-11 km/h
Wind gusts: 32 km/h
Relative humidity: 93-96%
Cloudiness: 90%
Atmospheric pressure: 1009-1011 hPa
Visibility: 89-100%

Air temperature:

+2...+4 °C The temperature will rise

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light breeze, northeast, speed 7-11 km/h
Wind gusts: 25 km/h
Relative humidity: 83-92%
Cloudiness: 75%
Atmospheric pressure: 1009-1011 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Air temperature:

-1...+2 °C The air temperature will go down

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Thursday, January 16, 2025 in Steinbourg the weather is expected to be like this:

Wind: light breeze, eastern, speed 7 km/h
Wind gusts: 18 km/h
Relative humidity: 92-99%
Cloudiness: 72%
Atmospheric pressure: 1011 hPa
Visibility: 2-100%

during the night the air temperature drops to 0...+1°C; too cold: slight increase in discomfort; low risk of frostbite; need to dress warmly and to stay dry, dew point: -0,05°C; precipitation is not expected, light breeze wind blowing from the north-east at a speed of 7 km/h, overcast sky
in the morning the air temperature warms up to +1...+2°C; too cold: slight increase in discomfort; low risk of frostbite; need to dress warmly and to stay dry, dew point: +0,11°C; precipitation is not expected, light breeze wind blowing from the north-east at a speed of 7-11 km/h, overcast sky
in the afternoon the air temperature warms up to +2...+4°C; too cold: chilly, dew point: +0,93°C; precipitation is not expected, light breeze wind blowing from the north-east at a speed of 7-11 km/h, overcast sky
in the evening the air temperature drops to -1...+2°C; too cold: slight increase in discomfort; low risk of frostbite; need to dress warmly and to stay dry, dew point: -0,87°C; fog may form, with visibility of 483 m; precipitation is not expected, light breeze wind blowing from the east at a speed of 7 km/h, overcast sky

day length is 08:45

Friday, January 17, 2025

The Sun:	Sunrise 08:17, Sunset 17:05.
The Moon:	Moonrise 21:10, Moonset 10:11, Moon phase: waning gibbous
	Geomagnetic Field: Unstable
	UV index: 1 (Low)

Air temperature:

-2...-1 °C The air temperature will go down

Air temperature:

-2...-1 °C The air temperature will go down

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Friday, January 17, 2025 in Steinbourg the weather forecast is expected to be like this:

Wind: light breeze, eastern, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 92-93%
Cloudiness: 97%
Atmospheric pressure: 1011 hPa
Visibility: 2-100%

during the night the air temperature drops to -2...-1°C; too cold: slight increase in discomfort; low risk of frostbite; need to dress warmly and to stay dry, dew point: -1,58°C; fog may form, with visibility of 483 m; there may be light precipitation, light breeze wind blowing from the east at a speed of 4-7 km/h, overcast sky
in the morning the air temperature warms up to -2...0°C; too cold: slight increase in discomfort; low risk of frostbite; need to dress warmly and to stay dry, dew point: -1,64°C; fog may form, with visibility of 483 m; there may be light precipitation, light breeze wind blowing from the east at a speed of 4-11 km/h, overcast sky
in the afternoon the air temperature warms up to 0...+2°C; too cold: slight increase in discomfort; low risk of frostbite; need to dress warmly and to stay dry, dew point: -1,43°C; precipitation is not expected, light breeze wind blowing from the east at a speed of 7-11 km/h, overcast sky
in the evening the air temperature drops to -2...-1°C; too cold: slight increase in discomfort; low risk of frostbite; need to dress warmly and to stay dry, dew point: -2,09°C; fog may form, with visibility of 483 m; there may be light precipitation, light breeze wind blowing from the east at a speed of 4-7 km/h, overcast sky

day length is 08:48

Saturday, January 18, 2025

The Sun:	Sunrise 08:16, Sunset 17:06.
The Moon:	Moonrise 22:20, Moonset 10:25, Moon phase: waning gibbous
	Geomagnetic Field: Unstable
	UV index: 1 (Low)

Air temperature:

-2 °C

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light air, eastern, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 92%
Cloudiness: 99%
Atmospheric pressure: 1009 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Air temperature:

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light breeze, eastern, speed 4-11 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 91-93%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 1008 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Air temperature:

0...+1 °C

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light breeze, eastern, speed 7-11 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 88-90%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 1004-1007 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Air temperature:

-2...-1 °C The air temperature will go down

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Saturday, January 18, 2025 in Steinbourg the weather is expected to be like this:

Wind: light air, eastern, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 89-94%
Cloudiness: 98%
Atmospheric pressure: 1004 hPa
Visibility: 100%

during the night the air temperature will be -2°C, dew point: -2,58°C; there may be light precipitation, light air wind blowing from the east at a speed of 4 km/h, overcast sky
in the morning the air temperature warms up to -2...0°C; too cold: slight increase in discomfort; low risk of frostbite; need to dress warmly and to stay dry, dew point: -2,8°C; there may be light precipitation, light breeze wind blowing from the east at a speed of 4-11 km/h, overcast sky
in the afternoon the air temperature warms up to 0...+1°C; too cold: slight increase in discomfort; low risk of frostbite; need to dress warmly and to stay dry, dew point: -3,02°C; there may be light precipitation, light breeze wind blowing from the east at a speed of 7-11 km/h, overcast sky
in the evening the air temperature drops to -2...-1°C, dew point: -3,33°C; there may be light precipitation, light air wind blowing from the east at a speed of 4 km/h, overcast sky

day length is 08:50

Sunday, January 19, 2025

The Sun:	Sunrise 08:15, Sunset 17:08.
The Moon:	Moonrise 23:26, Moonset 10:37, Moon phase: waning gibbous
	Geomagnetic Field: Unstable

Air temperature:

-3...-2 °C The air temperature will go down

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light air, southeast, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 7 km/h
Relative humidity: 95-97%
Cloudiness: 89%
Atmospheric pressure: 1003 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Air temperature:

-3...0 °C

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light air, southern, speed 4 km/h
Relative humidity: 92-98%
Cloudiness: 90%
Atmospheric pressure: 1001 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Air temperature:

+1...+2 °C The temperature will rise

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light air, northwest, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 7 km/h
Relative humidity: 82-87%
Cloudiness: 70%
Atmospheric pressure: 1000-1001 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Air temperature:

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Sunday, January 19, 2025 in Steinbourg the weather forecast is expected to be like this:

Wind: light air, northwest, speed 4 km/h
Relative humidity: 85-97%
Cloudiness: 78%
Atmospheric pressure: 1000 hPa
Visibility: 100%

during the night the air temperature drops to -3...-2°C, dew point: -3,72°C; precipitation is not expected, light air wind blowing from the south-east at a speed of 4 km/h, overcast sky
in the morning the air temperature warms up to -3...0°C, dew point: -3,76°C; precipitation is not expected, light air wind blowing from the south at a speed of 4 km/h, overcast sky
in the afternoon the air temperature warms up to +1...+2°C, dew point: -3,16°C; precipitation is not expected, light air wind blowing from the north-west at a speed of 4 km/h, overcast sky
in the evening the air temperature drops to -2...0°C, dew point: -3,7°C; precipitation is not expected, light air wind blowing from the north-west at a speed of 4 km/h, overcast sky

day length is 08:53

Monday, January 20, 2025

The Sun:	Sunrise 08:14, Sunset 17:09.
The Moon:	Moonrise --:--, Moonset 10:49, Moon phase: waning gibbous
	Geomagnetic Field: Unstable

Air temperature:

-3...-2 °C The air temperature will go down

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light air, northern, speed 4 km/h
Relative humidity: 98-100%
Cloudiness: 98%
Atmospheric pressure: 999-1000 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Air temperature:

-3...-1 °C The temperature will rise

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light air, eastern, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 98-100%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 999 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Air temperature:

0...+1 °C

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light breeze, eastern, speed 7 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 91-95%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 996-997 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Air temperature:

-2...-1 °C The air temperature will go down

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Monday, January 20, 2025 in Steinbourg the weather is expected to be like this:

Wind: light breeze, eastern, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 96-100%
Cloudiness: 98%
Atmospheric pressure: 996 hPa
Visibility: 100%

during the night the air temperature drops to -3...-2°C, dew point: -4,09°C; there may be light precipitation, light air wind blowing from the north at a speed of 4 km/h, overcast sky
in the morning the air temperature warms up to -3...-1°C, dew point: -4,07°C; there may be light precipitation, light air wind blowing from the east at a speed of 4 km/h, overcast sky
in the afternoon the air temperature warms up to 0...+1°C; too cold: slight increase in discomfort; low risk of frostbite; need to dress warmly and to stay dry, dew point: -3,5°C; there may be light precipitation, light breeze wind blowing from the east at a speed of 7 km/h, overcast sky
in the evening the air temperature drops to -2...-1°C; too cold: slight increase in discomfort; low risk of frostbite; need to dress warmly and to stay dry, dew point: -4,52°C; there may be light precipitation, light breeze wind blowing from the east at a speed of 4-7 km/h, overcast sky

day length is 08:55

Tuesday, January 21, 2025

The Sun:	Sunrise 08:13, Sunset 17:11.
The Moon:	Moonrise 00:34, Moonset 11:03, Moon phase: waning gibbous
	Geomagnetic Field: Unstable

Air temperature:

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light air, southeast, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 78-100%
Cloudiness: 99%
Atmospheric pressure: 995-999 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Air temperature:

0...+3 °C

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light air, southern, speed 4 km/h
Relative humidity: 71-80%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 999 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Air temperature:

+3...+5 °C The temperature will rise

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light air, southern, speed 4 km/h
Relative humidity: 67-80%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 997 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Air temperature:

+2 °C

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Tuesday, January 21, 2025 in Steinbourg the weather forecast is expected to be like this:

Wind: light air, southwest, speed 4 km/h
Relative humidity: 83-89%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 997-999 hPa
Visibility: 100%

during the night the air temperature warms up to -2...0°C, dew point: -5,03°C; precipitation is not expected, light air wind blowing from the south-east at a speed of 4 km/h, in some places, small clouds may form in the sky
in the morning the air temperature warms up to 0...+3°C, dew point: -3,25°C; precipitation is not expected, light air wind blowing from the south at a speed of 4 km/h, overcast sky
in the afternoon the air temperature warms up to +3...+5°C, dew point: -1,33°C; precipitation is not expected, light air wind blowing from the south at a speed of 4 km/h, overcast sky
in the evening the air temperature drops to +2°C, dew point: -0,3°C; precipitation is not expected, light air wind blowing from the south-west at a speed of 4 km/h, overcast sky

day length is 08:58

Wednesday, January 22, 2025

The Sun:	Sunrise 08:12, Sunset 17:12.
The Moon:	Moonrise 01:42, Moonset 11:18, Moon phase: in its last quarter
	Geomagnetic Field: Quiet

Air temperature:

+1...+2 °C The air temperature will go down

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light air, western, speed 4 km/h
Relative humidity: 89-91%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 999 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Air temperature:

0...+3 °C

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light air, western, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 7 km/h
Relative humidity: 85-92%
Cloudiness: 51%
Atmospheric pressure: 999-1000 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Air temperature:

+4...+5 °C The temperature will rise

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light breeze, western, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 78-89%
Cloudiness: 95%
Atmospheric pressure: 1000-1001 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Air temperature:

+2...+3 °C The air temperature will go down

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wednesday, January 22, 2025 in Steinbourg the weather is expected to be like this:

Wind: light air, northwest, speed 4 km/h
Relative humidity: 91-93%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 1001-1003 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 0,1 mm
Visibility: 100%

during the night the air temperature drops to +1...+2°C, dew point: -0,44°C; precipitation is not expected, light air wind blowing from the west at a speed of 4 km/h, overcast sky
in the morning the air temperature warms up to 0...+3°C, dew point: -0,82°C; precipitation is not expected, light air wind blowing from the west at a speed of 4 km/h, in some places, small clouds may form in the sky
in the afternoon the air temperature warms up to +4...+5°C; too cold: chilly, dew point: +1,35°C; ratio of temperature, wind speed and humidity: Slightly dry; precipitation is not expected, light breeze wind blowing from the west at a speed of 4-7 km/h, overcast sky
in the evening the air temperature drops to +2...+3°C, dew point: +1,18°C; ratio of temperature, wind speed and humidity: Slightly dry; very light rain may fall in some places, when leaving the house, we recommend that you bring an umbrella, light air wind blowing from the north-west at a speed of 4 km/h, overcast sky

day length is 09:00

Thursday, January 23, 2025

The Sun:	Sunrise 08:11, Sunset 17:14.
The Moon:	Moonrise 02:53, Moonset 11:38, Moon phase: in its last quarter
	Geomagnetic Field: Quiet

Air temperature:

+2 °C

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light air, northern, speed 4 km/h
Relative humidity: 93%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 1001 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Air temperature:

+2...+3 °C The temperature will rise

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light air, eastern, speed 4 km/h
Relative humidity: 91-93%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 1001 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 0,2 mm
Visibility: 89-100%

Air temperature:

+3 °C

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light air, eastern, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 7 km/h
Relative humidity: 90-94%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 999-1000 hPa
Visibility: 68-80%

Air temperature:

+2 °C

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Thursday, January 23, 2025 in Steinbourg the weather forecast is expected to be like this:

Wind: light breeze, eastern, speed 7 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 94-96%
Cloudiness: 98%
Atmospheric pressure: 997-999 hPa
Visibility: 2-100%

during the night the air temperature drops to +2°C, dew point: +0,96°C; there may be light precipitation, light air wind blowing from the north at a speed of 4 km/h, overcast sky
in the morning the air temperature warms up to +2...+3°C, dew point: +0,94°C; ratio of temperature, wind speed and humidity: Slightly dry; very light rain may fall in some places, when leaving the house, we recommend that you bring an umbrella, light air wind blowing from the east at a speed of 4 km/h, overcast sky
in the afternoon the air temperature drops to +3°C, dew point: +1,69°C; ratio of temperature, wind speed and humidity: Slightly dry; there may be light precipitation, light air wind blowing from the east at a speed of 4 km/h, overcast sky
in the evening the air temperature drops to +2°C; too cold: slight increase in discomfort; low risk of frostbite; need to dress warmly and to stay dry, dew point: +1,27°C; ratio of temperature, wind speed and humidity: Slightly dry; fog may form, with visibility of 483 m; there may be light precipitation, light breeze wind blowing from the east at a speed of 7 km/h, overcast sky

day length is 09:03

Friday, January 24, 2025

The Sun:	Sunrise 08:10, Sunset 17:15.
The Moon:	Moonrise 04:05, Moonset 12:04, Moon phase: in its last quarter
	Geomagnetic Field: Quiet

Air temperature:

+1 °C

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light breeze, southeast, speed 4-7 km/h
Relative humidity: 95-97%
Cloudiness: 93%
Atmospheric pressure: 995-996 hPa
Visibility: 2-100%

Air temperature:

0...+3 °C

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

Wind: light breeze, southeast, speed 7 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 88-96%
Cloudiness: 79%
Atmospheric pressure: 992-993 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 0,5 mm
Visibility: 88-100%

Air temperature:

+3...+5 °C The temperature will rise

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:

The thin branches and leaves on the trees fluctuate continuously; wind extends light flag.

Wind: gentle breeze, southern, speed 4-11 km/h

On land:

At Sea:

Light and short waves are clearly visible at sea. Foam of glassy appearance. Perhaps scattered white horses.

Wind gusts: 25 km/h
Relative humidity: 83-96%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 992-993 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 1,2 mm
Visibility: 31-77%

Air temperature:

+3...+4 °C The air temperature will go down

Weather patterns and meteorological conditions: