Weather forecast and meteo conditions in Ukraine and the world

IndiaIndiaGujaratNarichana

Weather in Narichana

Current time in Narichana:

 
:
 
Local time.
Time zone: GMT
winter time
* weather indicated in local time
Tuesday, December 31, 2024
The Sun:  Sunrise 07:25, Sunset 18:10.
The Moon:  Moonrise 07:50, Moonset 18:32, Moon phase: new new
 Geomagnetic Field: Strong Storm
Power systems: Voltage corrections may be required, false alarms triggered on some protection devices.

Spacecraft operations: Surface charging may occur on satellite components, drag may increase on low-Earth-orbit satellites, and corrections may be needed for orientation problems.

Other systems: Intermittent satellite navigation and low-frequency radio navigation problems may occur, HF radio may be intermittent, and aurora has been seen as low as Illinois and Oregon (typically 50° geomagnetic latitude.).
 UV index: 5,6 (Moderate)
Protection from UV radiation from the Sun is necessary. A UV index reading of 3 to 5 means moderate risk of harm from unprotected sun exposure. Stay in shade near midday when the sun is strongest. If outdoors, wear sun protective clothing, a wide-brimmed hat, and UV-blocking sunglasses. Generously apply broad spectrum SPF 30+ sunscreen every 2 hours, even on cloudy days, and after swimming or sweating. Bright surfaces, such as sand, water, and snow, will increase UV exposure.

at nightfrom 05:00 to 06:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +16...+19 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northern
Wind: light breeze, northern, speed 11 km/h
On land:
There is a light continuous stream of wind that is felt by the face; leaves rustle; ordinary vanes moved by wind.
At Sea:
Weak and short waves in the sea, still short, but more pronounced. Crests have a glassy appearance and do not break.

Relative humidity: 60-66%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1007-1008 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +14...+22 °CThe temperature will not change
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northern
Wind: light breeze, northern, speed 11 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 54-70%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1007-1011 hPa
Visibility: 100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +24...+27 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: gentle breeze, northeast, speed 7-14 km/h
On land:
The thin branches and leaves on the trees fluctuate continuously; wind extends light flag.
At Sea:
Light and short waves are clearly visible at sea. Foam of glassy appearance. Perhaps scattered white horses.

Relative humidity: 39-51%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1005-1009 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +20...+24 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northern
Wind: gentle breeze, northern, speed 11-14 km/h
Wind gusts: 18 km/h
Relative humidity: 46-61%
Cloudiness: 10%
Atmospheric pressure: 1007-1008 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Wednesday, January 1, 2025
The Sun:  Sunrise 07:25, Sunset 18:11.
The Moon:  Moonrise 08:42, Moonset 19:35, Moon phase: waxing crescent waxing crescent
 Geomagnetic Field: Minor Storm
Power systems: Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.

Spacecraft operations: Minor impact on satellite operations possible.

Other systems: Migratory animals are affected at this and higher levels; aurora is commonly visible at high latitudes (northern Michigan and Maine).
 UV index: 5,8 (Moderate)

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +17...+19 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northern
Wind: light breeze, northern, speed 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 61-67%
Cloudiness: 17%
Atmospheric pressure: 1005-1008 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +16...+23 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: light breeze, northeast, speed 7-11 km/h
Wind gusts: 22 km/h
Relative humidity: 65-73%
Cloudiness: 1%
Atmospheric pressure: 1005-1008 hPa
Visibility: 100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +25...+28 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
eastern
Wind: light breeze, eastern, speed 7-11 km/h
Wind gusts: 22 km/h
Relative humidity: 47-61%
Cloudiness: 15%
Atmospheric pressure: 1004-1008 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +22...+25 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: light breeze, northeast, speed 11 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 60-82%
Cloudiness: 6%
Atmospheric pressure: 1004-1007 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Thursday, January 2, 2025
The Sun:  Sunrise 07:26, Sunset 18:11.
The Moon:  Moonrise 09:28, Moonset 20:38, Moon phase: waxing crescent waxing crescent
 Geomagnetic Field: Minor Storm
 UV index: 5,9 (Moderate)

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +18...+21 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
eastern
Wind: light breeze, eastern, speed 7-11 km/h
Relative humidity: 85-87%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1004-1007 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +17...+25 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
eastern
Wind: light breeze, eastern, speed 7-11 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 60-86%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1005-1008 hPa
Visibility: 100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +27...+30 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: light breeze, northeast, speed 11 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 47-55%
Cloudiness: 1%
Atmospheric pressure: 1004-1007 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +23...+27 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northern
Wind: light breeze, northern, speed 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 56-72%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1004-1007 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Friday, January 3, 2025
The Sun:  Sunrise 07:26, Sunset 18:12.
The Moon:  Moonrise 10:10, Moonset 21:40, Moon phase: waxing crescent waxing crescent
 Geomagnetic Field: Unstable
 UV index: 5,8 (Moderate)

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +19...+22 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: light breeze, northeast, speed 7-11 km/h
Relative humidity: 74-78%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1004-1005 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +18...+25 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: light breeze, northeast, speed 7-11 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 56-82%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1004-1007 hPa
Visibility: 100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +27...+30 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: light breeze, northeast, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 38-48%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1004-1007 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +23...+28 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northern
Wind: light breeze, northern, speed 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 42-53%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1004-1005 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Saturday, January 4, 2025
The Sun:  Sunrise 07:26, Sunset 18:13.
The Moon:  Moonrise 10:48, Moonset 22:40, Moon phase: waxing crescent waxing crescent
 Geomagnetic Field: Quiet
 UV index: 5,8 (Moderate)

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +19...+23 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northern
Wind: light breeze, northern, speed 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 53-67%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1003-1004 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +18...+24 °CThe temperature will not change
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northern
Wind: light breeze, northern, speed 7-11 km/h
Relative humidity: 53-72%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1003-1005 hPa
Visibility: 100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +26...+29 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northern
Wind: gentle breeze, northern, speed 11-14 km/h
Wind gusts: 18 km/h
Relative humidity: 37-47%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1001-1005 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +22...+27 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northwest
Wind: moderate breeze, northwest, speed 14-22 km/h
On land:
The wind picks up dust and small pieces of paper; small branches are moved.
At Sea:
The sea is moderately rough. Waves appear in the form of elongated ridges, some of which are overturned; fairly frequent white horses.

Wind gusts: 40 km/h
Relative humidity: 44-60%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1001-1004 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Sunday, January 5, 2025
The Sun:  Sunrise 07:26, Sunset 18:13.
The Moon:  Moonrise 11:24, Moonset 23:39, Moon phase: waxing crescent waxing crescent
 Geomagnetic Field: Unstable

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +17...+21 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
western
Wind: moderate breeze, western, speed 18-22 km/h
Wind gusts: 40 km/h
Relative humidity: 62-67%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1003-1004 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +16...+22 °CThe temperature will not change
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northwest
Wind: gentle breeze, northwest, speed 14-18 km/h
Wind gusts: 36 km/h
Relative humidity: 48-66%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1003-1005 hPa
Visibility: 100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +24...+26 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northwest
Wind: gentle breeze, northwest, speed 11-18 km/h
Wind gusts: 25 km/h
Relative humidity: 36-43%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1001-1005 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +19...+25 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northwest
Wind: light breeze, northwest, speed 11 km/h
Wind gusts: 18 km/h
Relative humidity: 41-63%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1001-1004 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Monday, January 6, 2025
The Sun:  Sunrise 07:26, Sunset 18:14.
The Moon:  Moonrise 11:59, Moonset --:--, Moon phase: waxing crescent waxing crescent
 Geomagnetic Field: Unstable

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +15...+19 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northwest
Wind: gentle breeze, northwest, speed 11-14 km/h
Wind gusts: 22 km/h
Relative humidity: 64-68%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1004 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +15...+21 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northern
Wind: gentle breeze, northern, speed 11-18 km/h
Wind gusts: 25 km/h
Relative humidity: 46-68%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1004-1008 hPa
Visibility: 100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +22...+24 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northern
Wind: moderate breeze, northern, speed 18-22 km/h
Wind gusts: 29 km/h
Relative humidity: 28-40%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1004-1008 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +19...+23 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northern
Wind: gentle breeze, northern, speed 14-18 km/h
Wind gusts: 29 km/h
Relative humidity: 31-48%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1004-1007 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Tuesday, January 7, 2025
The Sun:  Sunrise 07:27, Sunset 18:15.
The Moon:  Moonrise 12:35, Moonset 00:39, Moon phase: in its first quarter in its first quarter
 Geomagnetic Field: Unstable

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +14...+18 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northern
Wind: gentle breeze, northern, speed 14-18 km/h
Wind gusts: 29 km/h
Relative humidity: 50-60%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1005-1007 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +13...+20 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: gentle breeze, northeast, speed 14-18 km/h
Wind gusts: 29 km/h
Relative humidity: 17-33%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1005-1008 hPa
Visibility: 100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +22...+25 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: gentle breeze, northeast, speed 14-18 km/h
Wind gusts: 22 km/h
Relative humidity: 10-15%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 1003-1008 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +17...+22 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northern
Wind: gentle breeze, northern, speed 11-14 km/h
Wind gusts: 18 km/h
Relative humidity: 17-30%
Cloudiness: 3%
Atmospheric pressure: 1003-1005 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Wednesday, January 8, 2025
The Sun:  Sunrise 07:27, Sunset 18:15.
The Moon:  Moonrise 13:14, Moonset 01:39, Moon phase: waxing gibbous waxing gibbous
 Geomagnetic Field: Quiet

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +13...+17 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: gentle breeze, northeast, speed 11-14 km/h
Wind gusts: 29 km/h
Relative humidity: 24-30%
Cloudiness: 4%
Atmospheric pressure: 1003-1005 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Variably cloudy
Air temperature:
 +13...+21 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Variably cloudy
eastern
Wind: moderate breeze, eastern, speed 14-25 km/h
Wind gusts: 40 km/h
Relative humidity: 19-30%
Cloudiness: 86%
Atmospheric pressure: 1003-1007 hPa
Visibility: 100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Light cloud cover in the sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +24...+27 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Light cloud cover in the sky, no precipitation
eastern
Wind: moderate breeze, eastern, speed 14-25 km/h
Wind gusts: 32 km/h
Relative humidity: 13-16%
Cloudiness: 50%
Atmospheric pressure: 1003-1007 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +18...+24 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: gentle breeze, northeast, speed 14 km/h
Wind gusts: 22 km/h
Relative humidity: 18-26%
Cloudiness: 5%
Atmospheric pressure: 1003-1005 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Thursday, January 9, 2025
The Sun:  Sunrise 07:27, Sunset 18:16.
The Moon:  Moonrise 13:56, Moonset 02:43, Moon phase: waxing gibbous waxing gibbous
 Geomagnetic Field: Quiet

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +14...+17 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: gentle breeze, northeast, speed 14 km/h
Wind gusts: 22 km/h
Relative humidity: 26-30%
Cloudiness: 5%
Atmospheric pressure: 1004-1005 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Cloudy sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +14...+22 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Cloudy sky, no precipitation
eastern
Wind: moderate breeze, eastern, speed 14-22 km/h
Wind gusts: 32 km/h
Relative humidity: 22-34%
Cloudiness: 96%
Atmospheric pressure: 1004-1007 hPa
Visibility: 100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Cloudy sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +24...+28 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Cloudy sky, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: moderate breeze, northeast, speed 14-22 km/h
Wind gusts: 25 km/h
Relative humidity: 16-18%
Cloudiness: 97%
Atmospheric pressure: 1003-1007 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Cloudy sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +19...+25 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Cloudy sky, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: gentle breeze, northeast, speed 11-14 km/h
Wind gusts: 22 km/h
Relative humidity: 19-24%
Cloudiness: 94%
Atmospheric pressure: 1003-1004 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Friday, January 10, 2025
The Sun:  Sunrise 07:27, Sunset 18:17.
The Moon:  Moonrise 14:46, Moonset 03:48, Moon phase: waxing gibbous waxing gibbous
 Geomagnetic Field: Active

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Cloudy sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +17...+19 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Cloudy sky, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: gentle breeze, northeast, speed 11-14 km/h
Relative humidity: 24-30%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 1003-1004 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Variably cloudy
Air temperature:
 +17...+24 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Variably cloudy
northeast
Wind: gentle breeze, northeast, speed 11-14 km/h
Wind gusts: 18 km/h
Relative humidity: 22-33%
Cloudiness: 98%
Atmospheric pressure: 1003-1005 hPa
Visibility: 100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Light cloud cover in the sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +25...+26 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Light cloud cover in the sky, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: gentle breeze, northeast, speed 14-18 km/h
Wind gusts: 22 km/h
Relative humidity: 18-23%
Cloudiness: 51%
Atmospheric pressure: 1003-1005 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Light cloud cover in the sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +20...+25 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Light cloud cover in the sky, no precipitation
northern
Wind: gentle breeze, northern, speed 11-14 km/h
Wind gusts: 22 km/h
Relative humidity: 27-39%
Cloudiness: 44%
Atmospheric pressure: 1003-1004 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Saturday, January 11, 2025
The Sun:  Sunrise 07:27, Sunset 18:18.
The Moon:  Moonrise 15:40, Moonset 04:55, Moon phase: waxing gibbous waxing gibbous
 Geomagnetic Field: Active

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Cloudy sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +18...+20 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Cloudy sky, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: light breeze, northeast, speed 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 32-35%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 1003-1004 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Temperature trend on the chart

Additional data

Country:India
Telephone country code:+91
Location:Gujarat
District:Surendranagar
The name of the city or village:Narichana
Time zone:Asia/Kolkata, GMT . winter time
Coordinates:Latitude: 22.8665; Longitude: 71.408;
Aliases (In other languages):English: NarichanaРусский: НаричейнейУкраїнська: Нарічейней
The project was created and is maintained by FDSTAR company, 2024

Weather in Narichana

© MeteoCast.ua - weather forecast in your city and your country. All rights reserved, 2024
Privacy Policy

Options of weather forecast displaying
Display temperature:  
 
 
Show the pressure:  
 
 
Display wind speed: