Weather forecast and meteo conditions in Ukraine and the world

FranceFranceAuvergne-Rhone-AlpesChezery

Weather in Chezery

Current time in Chezery:

 
:
 
Local time.
Time zone: GMT
winter time
* weather indicated in local time
Wednesday, December 25, 2024
The Sun:  Sunrise 08:18, Sunset 16:56.
The Moon:  Moonrise 02:51, Moonset 13:10, Moon phase: in its last quarter in its last quarter
 Geomagnetic Field: Minor Storm
Power systems: Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.

Spacecraft operations: Minor impact on satellite operations possible.

Other systems: Migratory animals are affected at this and higher levels; aurora is commonly visible at high latitudes (northern Michigan and Maine).

in the eveningfrom 22:00 to 00:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 -2...+1 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
eastern
Wind: light breeze, eastern, speed 4-7 km/h
On land:
There is a light continuous stream of wind that is felt by the face; leaves rustle; ordinary vanes moved by wind.
At Sea:
Weak and short waves in the sea, still short, but more pronounced. Crests have a glassy appearance and do not break.

Wind gusts: 50 km/h
Relative humidity: 62-64%
Cloudiness: 8%
Atmospheric pressure: 960-961 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Thursday, December 26, 2024
The Sun:  Sunrise 08:19, Sunset 16:56.
The Moon:  Moonrise 03:57, Moonset 13:30, Moon phase: waning crescent waning crescent
 Geomagnetic Field: Minor Storm
 UV index: 1,1 (Low)
Protection from UV radiation from the Sun is not necessary. A UV index reading of 0 to 2 means low danger from the sun's UV rays for the average person. Wear sunglasses on bright days. If you burn easily, cover up and use broad spectrum SPF 30+ sunscreen. Bright surfaces, such as sand, water, and snow, will increase UV exposure.

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 -4...-3 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
eastern
Wind: light breeze, eastern, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 43 km/h
Relative humidity: 63-65%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 960-961 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 -5...0 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
eastern
Wind: light breeze, eastern, speed 7 km/h
Wind gusts: 25 km/h
Relative humidity: 70-72%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 960-961 hPa
Visibility: 94-100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 -1...+2 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
eastern
Wind: light breeze, eastern, speed 7 km/h
Wind gusts: 22 km/h
Relative humidity: 67-81%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 960-961 hPa
Visibility: 87-100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 -3...-1 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
eastern
Wind: light breeze, eastern, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 69-77%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 960-961 hPa
Visibility: 99-100%

Friday, December 27, 2024
The Sun:  Sunrise 08:19, Sunset 16:57.
The Moon:  Moonrise 05:06, Moonset 13:55, Moon phase: waning crescent waning crescent
 Geomagnetic Field: Active
 UV index: 1,2 (Low)

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 -3...-2 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
eastern
Wind: light breeze, eastern, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 58-67%
Cloudiness: 45%
Atmospheric pressure: 961 hPa
Visibility: 99-100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 -2...+3 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
eastern
Wind: light breeze, eastern, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 55-58%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 961 hPa
Visibility: 100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +3...+6 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
eastern
Wind: light air, eastern, speed 4 km/h
On land:
Direction of wind shown by smoke drift, but not by wind vanes.
At Sea:
There are very weak waves at sea. Ripples with the appearance of scales are formed, but without foam crests.

Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 54-65%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 960-961 hPa
Visibility: 54-100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 -1...+2 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: light air, northeast, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 51-63%
Cloudiness: 20%
Atmospheric pressure: 960-961 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Saturday, December 28, 2024
The Sun:  Sunrise 08:19, Sunset 16:58.
The Moon:  Moonrise 06:17, Moonset 14:28, Moon phase: waning crescent waning crescent
 Geomagnetic Field: Quiet
 UV index: 1,1 (Low)

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 -1 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: light air, northeast, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 7 km/h
Relative humidity: 51-60%
Cloudiness: 43%
Atmospheric pressure: 959-960 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 -1...+3 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: light air, northeast, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 7 km/h
Relative humidity: 63-67%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 959 hPa
Visibility: 100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +3...+6 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northern
Wind: light air, northern, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 7 km/h
Relative humidity: 65-76%
Cloudiness: 18%
Atmospheric pressure: 957-959 hPa
Visibility: 36-100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 0...+3 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northern
Wind: light air, northern, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 7 km/h
Relative humidity: 74-76%
Cloudiness: 18%
Atmospheric pressure: 957-959 hPa
Visibility: 49-100%

Sunday, December 29, 2024
The Sun:  Sunrise 08:19, Sunset 16:59.
The Moon:  Moonrise 07:24, Moonset 15:10, Moon phase: waning crescent waning crescent
 Geomagnetic Field: Quiet
 UV index: 1,1 (Low)

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 -1...0 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northern
Wind: light air, northern, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 79-90%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 957 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 -1...+3 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northern
Wind: light breeze, northern, speed 7 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 91-94%
Cloudiness: 13%
Atmospheric pressure: 957 hPa
Visibility: 100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Variably cloudy
Air temperature:
 +2...+5 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Variably cloudy
northwest
Wind: light air, northwest, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 85-93%
Cloudiness: 65%
Atmospheric pressure: 957 hPa
Visibility: 49-100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Cloudy sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 -1...+1 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Cloudy sky, no precipitation
northern
Wind: light air, northern, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 7 km/h
Relative humidity: 96-99%
Cloudiness: 70%
Atmospheric pressure: 959 hPa
Visibility: 2-100%

Monday, December 30, 2024
The Sun:  Sunrise 08:19, Sunset 16:59.
The Moon:  Moonrise 08:25, Moonset 16:06, Moon phase: new new
 Geomagnetic Field: Quiet
 UV index: 0,9 (Low)

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Light cloud cover in the sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 -3...-1 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Light cloud cover in the sky, no precipitation
northern
Wind: light air, northern, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 93-98%
Cloudiness: 51%
Atmospheric pressure: 959 hPa
Visibility: 2-100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Cloudy sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 -2...+1 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Cloudy sky, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: light air, northeast, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 89-92%
Cloudiness: 69%
Atmospheric pressure: 959-960 hPa
Visibility: 48-53%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Variably cloudy
Air temperature:
 +1...+3 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Variably cloudy
eastern
Wind: light air, eastern, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 83-93%
Cloudiness: 69%
Atmospheric pressure: 959-960 hPa
Visibility: 50-96%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Cloudy sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 -2...+1 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Cloudy sky, no precipitation
eastern
Wind: light air, eastern, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 95-99%
Cloudiness: 80%
Atmospheric pressure: 960 hPa
Visibility: 2-100%

Tuesday, December 31, 2024
The Sun:  Sunrise 08:20, Sunset 17:00.
The Moon:  Moonrise 09:16, Moonset 17:14, Moon phase: new new
 Geomagnetic Field: Quiet

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Variably cloudy
Air temperature:
 -3...-2 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Variably cloudy
northeast
Wind: light air, northeast, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 7 km/h
Relative humidity: 90-98%
Cloudiness: 67%
Atmospheric pressure: 960 hPa
Visibility: 94-100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 -3...+1 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northern
Wind: light air, northern, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 73-88%
Cloudiness: 37%
Atmospheric pressure: 960 hPa
Visibility: 94-100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +3...+4 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
southwest
Wind: light breeze, southwest, speed 7 km/h
Wind gusts: 22 km/h
Relative humidity: 69-71%
Cloudiness: 50%
Atmospheric pressure: 959 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 0...+2 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
western
Wind: light breeze, western, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 25 km/h
Relative humidity: 68-70%
Cloudiness: 50%
Atmospheric pressure: 959 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Wednesday, January 1, 2025
The Sun:  Sunrise 08:20, Sunset 17:01.
The Moon:  Moonrise 09:55, Moonset 18:31, Moon phase: waxing crescent waxing crescent
 Geomagnetic Field: Quiet

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 -1...0 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
western
Wind: light breeze, western, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 25 km/h
Relative humidity: 71-73%
Cloudiness: 1%
Atmospheric pressure: 957-959 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 -2...+2 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
western
Wind: light breeze, western, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 22 km/h
Relative humidity: 70-73%
Cloudiness: 55%
Atmospheric pressure: 957 hPa
Visibility: 100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Cloudy sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +2...+4 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Cloudy sky, no precipitation
western
Wind: light breeze, western, speed 7-11 km/h
Wind gusts: 22 km/h
Relative humidity: 70-76%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 956 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Cloudy sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +1...+2 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Cloudy sky, no precipitation
northwest
Wind: light breeze, northwest, speed 7 km/h
Wind gusts: 25 km/h
Relative humidity: 70-81%
Cloudiness: 96%
Atmospheric pressure: 956 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Thursday, January 2, 2025
The Sun:  Sunrise 08:20, Sunset 17:02.
The Moon:  Moonrise 10:26, Moonset 19:50, Moon phase: waxing crescent waxing crescent
 Geomagnetic Field: Quiet

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Cloudy sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +1 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Cloudy sky, no precipitation
western
Wind: light breeze, western, speed 11 km/h
Wind gusts: 32 km/h
Relative humidity: 69-93%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 951-956 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Sometimes short-term rains
Air temperature:
 0...+3 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Sometimes short-term rains
southern
Wind: gentle breeze, southern, speed 11 km/h
On land:
The thin branches and leaves on the trees fluctuate continuously; wind extends light flag.
At Sea:
Light and short waves are clearly visible at sea. Foam of glassy appearance. Perhaps scattered white horses.

Wind gusts: 40 km/h
Relative humidity: 82-93%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 949 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 1,2 mm
Visibility: 100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Rain expected
Air temperature:
 +4...+6 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Rain expected
southern
Wind: gentle breeze, southern, speed 11-14 km/h
Wind gusts: 43 km/h
Relative humidity: 77-87%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 945-948 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 7,2 mm
Visibility: 100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Sometimes short-term rains
Air temperature:
 +3 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Sometimes short-term rains
southwest
Wind: light breeze, southwest, speed 11 km/h
Wind gusts: 40 km/h
Relative humidity: 87-90%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 945 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 0,4 mm
Visibility: 100%

Friday, January 3, 2025
The Sun:  Sunrise 08:20, Sunset 17:03.
The Moon:  Moonrise 10:50, Moonset 21:09, Moon phase: waxing crescent waxing crescent
 Geomagnetic Field: Quiet

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Rain expected
Air temperature:
 +3 °CThe temperature will not change
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Rain expected
southwest
Wind: light breeze, southwest, speed 11 km/h
Wind gusts: 36 km/h
Relative humidity: 88-91%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 944 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 2,6 mm
Visibility: 62-100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Rain expected
Air temperature:
 +3 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Rain expected
southwest
Wind: light breeze, southwest, speed 7 km/h
Wind gusts: 32 km/h
Relative humidity: 93-97%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 943 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 7,2 mm
Visibility: 18-44%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Snow and rain expected
Air temperature:
 +2...+4 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Snow and rain expected
southwest
Wind: light breeze, southwest, speed 7 km/h
Wind gusts: 32 km/h
Relative humidity: 98-99%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 941-943 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 13,1 mm
Visibility: 3-16%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Snow expected
Air temperature:
 -1...+2 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Snow expected
northwest
Wind: light air, northwest, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 99%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 943-944 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 15,3 mm
Visibility: 2%

Saturday, January 4, 2025
The Sun:  Sunrise 08:19, Sunset 17:04.
The Moon:  Moonrise 11:10, Moonset 22:27, Moon phase: waxing crescent waxing crescent
 Geomagnetic Field: Quiet

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Snow expected
Air temperature:
 -3...-2 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Snow expected
northwest
Wind: light air, northwest, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 7 km/h
Relative humidity: 99%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 944-945 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 4,6 mm
Visibility: 2%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Snow expected
Air temperature:
 -4...-3 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Snow expected
northern
Wind: light breeze, northern, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 94-98%
Cloudiness: 98%
Atmospheric pressure: 945-947 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 0,5 mm
Visibility: 2-7%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Light snow expected
Air temperature:
 -4...-2 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Light snow expected
northern
Wind: light breeze, northern, speed 7 km/h
Wind gusts: 18 km/h
Relative humidity: 91-94%
Cloudiness: 99%
Atmospheric pressure: 947 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 0,3 mm
Visibility: 6-24%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Light cloud cover in the sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 -10...-6 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Light cloud cover in the sky, no precipitation
northern
Wind: light breeze, northern, speed 7 km/h
Wind gusts: 18 km/h
Relative humidity: 95-97%
Cloudiness: 88%
Atmospheric pressure: 948 hPa
Visibility: 2-90%

Sunday, January 5, 2025
The Sun:  Sunrise 08:19, Sunset 17:05.
The Moon:  Moonrise 11:29, Moonset 23:44, Moon phase: waxing crescent waxing crescent
 Geomagnetic Field: Active

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Light cloud cover in the sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 -10 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Light cloud cover in the sky, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: light breeze, northeast, speed 7 km/h
Wind gusts: 18 km/h
Relative humidity: 96%
Cloudiness: 54%
Atmospheric pressure: 948 hPa
Visibility: 60-77%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Light cloud cover in the sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 -11...-6 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Light cloud cover in the sky, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: light breeze, northeast, speed 7 km/h
Wind gusts: 18 km/h
Relative humidity: 86-96%
Cloudiness: 51%
Atmospheric pressure: 948-949 hPa
Visibility: 69-97%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Light cloud cover in the sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 -5...-3 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Light cloud cover in the sky, no precipitation
northern
Wind: light breeze, northern, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 18 km/h
Relative humidity: 80-96%
Cloudiness: 54%
Atmospheric pressure: 949 hPa
Visibility: 65-100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Snow and rain expected
Air temperature:
 -8...-6 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Snow and rain expected
northern
Wind: gentle breeze, northern, speed 7-14 km/h
Wind gusts: 43 km/h
Relative humidity: 89-97%
Cloudiness: 97%
Atmospheric pressure: 951 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 0,1 mm
Visibility: 2-58%

Temperature trend on the chart

weather in nearby cities

temperature in ChezeryHourly weather forecast in Chezeryweather in Chezery todayweather in Chezery tomorrowweather in Chezery for 3 daysweather in Chezery for 5 daysweather in Chezery for a weeksunrise and sunset in Chezeryrising and setting of the Moon in Chezeryexact time in Chezery

Additional data

Country:France
Telephone country code:+33
Location:Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes
District:Departement de l'Ain
The name of the city or village:Chezery
Time zone:Europe/Paris, GMT . winter time
Coordinates:Latitude: 46.2227; Longitude: 5.86881;
Aliases (In other languages):English: ChezeryРусский: Шезери-ФоранУкраїнська: Шезері-Форан
 
Chezery-Forens, Chézery, Chézery-Forens, Sezeri Foran, Shezeri-Foran, Shezri Foran, shyzyry-fwryn, xie ze li-fu lang, Шезри Форан, Շեզերի Ֆորան, شيزيري-فورين, 谢泽里－福朗
The project was created and is maintained by FDSTAR company, 2024

Weather in Chezery

© MeteoCast.ua - weather forecast in your city and your country. All rights reserved, 2024
Privacy Policy
Options of weather forecast displaying
Display temperature:  
 
 
Show the pressure:  
 
 
Display wind speed: