Weather forecast and meteo conditions in Ukraine and the world

ItalyItalyPiedmontGrugliasco

Weather in Grugliasco

Current time in Grugliasco:

 
:
 
Local time.
Time zone: GMT
winter time
* weather indicated in local time
Saturday, June 29, 2024
The Sun:  Sunrise 05:46, Sunset 21:21.
The Moon:  Moonrise 01:20, Moonset 14:22, Moon phase: in its last quarter in its last quarter
 Geomagnetic Field: Active
 UV index: 5,2 (Moderate)
Protection from UV radiation from the Sun is necessary. A UV index reading of 3 to 5 means moderate risk of harm from unprotected sun exposure. Stay in shade near midday when the sun is strongest. If outdoors, wear sun protective clothing, a wide-brimmed hat, and UV-blocking sunglasses. Generously apply broad spectrum SPF 30+ sunscreen every 2 hours, even on cloudy days, and after swimming or sweating. Bright surfaces, such as sand, water, and snow, will increase UV exposure.

in the morningfrom 11:00 to 12:00Rain and thunderstorms expected
Air temperature:
 +21...+26 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Rain and thunderstorms expected
northern
Wind: light breeze, northern, speed 4-7 km/h
On land:
There is a light continuous stream of wind that is felt by the face; leaves rustle; ordinary vanes moved by wind.
At Sea:
Weak and short waves in the sea, still short, but more pronounced. Crests have a glassy appearance and do not break.

Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 69-88%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 984-985 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 0,4 mm
Visibility: 54-100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Rain and thunderstorms expected
Air temperature:
 +24...+26 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Rain and thunderstorms expected
northwest
Wind: light breeze, northwest, speed 7-11 km/h
Wind gusts: 32 km/h
Relative humidity: 75-85%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 983-985 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 17,6 mm
Visibility: 61-85%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Rain and thunderstorms expected
Air temperature:
 +19...+24 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Rain and thunderstorms expected
western
Wind: light breeze, western, speed 7-11 km/h
Wind gusts: 29 km/h
Relative humidity: 86-90%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 979-981 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 29,2 mm
Visibility: 42-100%

Sunday, June 30, 2024
The Sun:  Sunrise 05:46, Sunset 21:21.
The Moon:  Moonrise 01:39, Moonset 15:41, Moon phase: in its last quarter in its last quarter
 Geomagnetic Field: Unstable
 UV index: 7,7 (High)
Protection from UV radiation from the Sun is necessary. A UV index reading of 6 to 7 means high risk of harm from unprotected sun exposure. Protection against skin and eye damage is needed. Reduce time in the sun between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. If outdoors, seek shade and wear sun protective clothing, a wide-brimmed hat, and UV-blocking sunglasses. Generously apply broad spectrum SPF 30+ sunscreen every 2 hours, even on cloudy days, and after swimming or sweating. Bright surfaces, such as sand, water, and snow, will increase UV exposure.

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Rain expected
Air temperature:
 +19 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Rain expected
northeast
Wind: light breeze, northeast, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 92-95%
Cloudiness: 97%
Atmospheric pressure: 977-979 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 3,7 mm
Visibility: 45-100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00The sky is overcast, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +19...+23 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
The sky is overcast, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: light breeze, northeast, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 79-95%
Cloudiness: 93%
Atmospheric pressure: 977 hPa
Visibility: 91-100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Rain and thunderstorms expected
Air temperature:
 +24...+27 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Rain and thunderstorms expected
eastern
Wind: light breeze, eastern, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 60-73%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 976-979 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 0,3 mm
Visibility: 86-99%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Sometimes short-term rains
Air temperature:
 +22...+26 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Sometimes short-term rains
northern
Wind: light breeze, northern, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 65-90%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 976-977 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 0,7 mm
Visibility: 76-100%

Monday, July 1, 2024
The Sun:  Sunrise 05:47, Sunset 21:21.
The Moon:  Moonrise 02:02, Moonset 16:59, Moon phase: in its last quarter in its last quarter
 Geomagnetic Field: Active
 UV index: 7,3 (High)

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Sometimes short-term rains
Air temperature:
 +19...+21 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Sometimes short-term rains
western
Wind: light air, western, speed 4 km/h
On land:
Direction of wind shown by smoke drift, but not by wind vanes.
At Sea:
There are very weak waves at sea. Ripples with the appearance of scales are formed, but without foam crests.

Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 91-93%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 976-977 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 2,3 mm
Visibility: 67-100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Sometimes short-term rains
Air temperature:
 +19...+23 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Sometimes short-term rains
eastern
Wind: light breeze, eastern, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 76-91%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 976 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 0,1 mm
Visibility: 94-100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Cloudy sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +24...+26 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Cloudy sky, no precipitation
southeast
Wind: light breeze, southeast, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 18 km/h
Relative humidity: 57-71%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 973-976 hPa
Visibility: 87-100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Sometimes short-term rains
Air temperature:
 +20...+26 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Sometimes short-term rains
northern
Wind: light breeze, northern, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 63-78%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 973 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 0,4 mm
Visibility: 64-100%

Tuesday, July 2, 2024
The Sun:  Sunrise 05:48, Sunset 21:20.
The Moon:  Moonrise 02:28, Moonset 18:18, Moon phase: waning crescent waning crescent
 Geomagnetic Field: Active
 UV index: 6,8 (High)

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Sometimes short-term rains
Air temperature:
 +16...+20 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Sometimes short-term rains
western
Wind: light breeze, western, speed 7-11 km/h
Relative humidity: 55-67%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 973-975 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 0,2 mm
Visibility: 56-94%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Light cloud cover in the sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +17...+23 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Light cloud cover in the sky, no precipitation
southwest
Wind: light breeze, southwest, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 57-76%
Cloudiness: 82%
Atmospheric pressure: 973-975 hPa
Visibility: 100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Cloudy sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +24...+26 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Cloudy sky, no precipitation
southeast
Wind: light breeze, southeast, speed 7 km/h
Wind gusts: 18 km/h
Relative humidity: 43-52%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 973-975 hPa
Visibility: 86-100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Rain expected
Air temperature:
 +20...+25 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Rain expected
southwest
Wind: light breeze, southwest, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 49-85%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 973 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 1,6 mm
Visibility: 33-100%

Wednesday, July 3, 2024
The Sun:  Sunrise 05:48, Sunset 21:20.
The Moon:  Moonrise 03:02, Moonset 19:34, Moon phase: waning crescent waning crescent
 Geomagnetic Field: Quiet
 UV index: 7,9 (High)

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Rain expected
Air temperature:
 +16...+19 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Rain expected
northwest
Wind: light breeze, northwest, speed 7 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 87-93%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 972-973 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 4,6 mm
Visibility: 21-70%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Rain expected
Air temperature:
 +16...+19 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Rain expected
northern
Wind: light breeze, northern, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 82-92%
Cloudiness: 94%
Atmospheric pressure: 972-973 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 1,8 mm
Visibility: 41-86%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Sometimes short-term rains
Air temperature:
 +20...+22 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Sometimes short-term rains
eastern
Wind: light breeze, eastern, speed 7-11 km/h
Wind gusts: 22 km/h
Relative humidity: 65-76%
Cloudiness: 79%
Atmospheric pressure: 973 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 1 mm
Visibility: 44-87%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Sometimes short-term rains
Air temperature:
 +17...+21 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Sometimes short-term rains
northeast
Wind: light breeze, northeast, speed 4-11 km/h
Wind gusts: 22 km/h
Relative humidity: 66-85%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 973-976 hPa
Visibility: 83-100%

Thursday, July 4, 2024
The Sun:  Sunrise 05:49, Sunset 21:20.
The Moon:  Moonrise 03:46, Moonset 20:41, Moon phase: waning crescent waning crescent
 Geomagnetic Field: Quiet

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +14...+17 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
western
Wind: light air, western, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 86-88%
Cloudiness: 51%
Atmospheric pressure: 976 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +15...+22 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
southwest
Wind: light air, southwest, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 7 km/h
Relative humidity: 58-87%
Cloudiness: 0%
Atmospheric pressure: 977-980 hPa
Visibility: 100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +23...+26 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
southeast
Wind: light breeze, southeast, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 41-53%
Cloudiness: 12%
Atmospheric pressure: 980 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +20...+25 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
southwest
Wind: light breeze, southwest, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 44-75%
Cloudiness: 57%
Atmospheric pressure: 980-983 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Friday, July 5, 2024
The Sun:  Sunrise 05:49, Sunset 21:19.
The Moon:  Moonrise 04:40, Moonset 21:36, Moon phase: waning crescent waning crescent
 Geomagnetic Field: Quiet

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Cloudy sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +17...+20 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Cloudy sky, no precipitation
western
Wind: light air, western, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 76-82%
Cloudiness: 61%
Atmospheric pressure: 983-984 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +18...+23 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northeast
Wind: light air, northeast, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 59-85%
Cloudiness: 57%
Atmospheric pressure: 984-985 hPa
Visibility: 100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Sometimes short-term rains
Air temperature:
 +23...+26 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Sometimes short-term rains
southeast
Wind: light breeze, southeast, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 46-56%
Cloudiness: 86%
Atmospheric pressure: 983-985 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 0,3 mm
Visibility: 74-100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Cloudy sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +21...+25 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Cloudy sky, no precipitation
northern
Wind: light breeze, northern, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 49-74%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 983 hPa
Visibility: 48-100%

Saturday, July 6, 2024
The Sun:  Sunrise 05:50, Sunset 21:19.
The Moon:  Moonrise 05:44, Moonset 22:18, Moon phase: new new
 Geomagnetic Field: Quiet

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Sometimes short-term rains
Air temperature:
 +19...+21 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Sometimes short-term rains
northwest
Wind: light air, northwest, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 7 km/h
Relative humidity: 75-89%
Cloudiness: 99%
Atmospheric pressure: 979-983 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 0,1 mm
Visibility: 91-100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Sometimes short-term rains
Air temperature:
 +19...+21 °CThe temperature will not change
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Sometimes short-term rains
southern
Wind: light air, southern, speed 4 km/h
Relative humidity: 83-89%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 977-979 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 2,9 mm
Visibility: 56-100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Rain expected
Air temperature:
 +22...+24 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Rain expected
northeast
Wind: light air, northeast, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 7 km/h
Relative humidity: 74-82%
Cloudiness: 89%
Atmospheric pressure: 975-977 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 8,1 mm
Visibility: 48-54%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Rain expected
Air temperature:
 +19...+22 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Rain expected
northern
Wind: light air, northern, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 7 km/h
Relative humidity: 85-93%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 975 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 3,8 mm
Visibility: 65-96%

Sunday, July 7, 2024
The Sun:  Sunrise 05:51, Sunset 21:19.
The Moon:  Moonrise 06:54, Moonset 22:51, Moon phase: waxing crescent waxing crescent
 Geomagnetic Field: Quiet

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Rain expected
Air temperature:
 +17...+19 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Rain expected
northern
Wind: light air, northern, speed 4 km/h
Wind gusts: 11 km/h
Relative humidity: 94-98%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 972-975 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 18,7 mm
Visibility: 3-75%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Rain expected
Air temperature:
 +16...+18 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Rain expected
northeast
Wind: light breeze, northeast, speed 4-7 km/h
Wind gusts: 14 km/h
Relative humidity: 81-98%
Cloudiness: 99%
Atmospheric pressure: 972-973 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 8,7 mm
Visibility: 3-99%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Sometimes short-term rains
Air temperature:
 +19...+22 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Sometimes short-term rains
eastern
Wind: light breeze, eastern, speed 7-11 km/h
Relative humidity: 66-76%
Cloudiness: 98%
Atmospheric pressure: 973-975 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 2,5 mm
Visibility: 93-100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Rain and thunderstorms expected
Air temperature:
 +15...+20 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Rain and thunderstorms expected
southwest
Wind: light breeze, southwest, speed 7-11 km/h
Relative humidity: 75-86%
Cloudiness: 100%
Atmospheric pressure: 975-976 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 0,6 mm
Visibility: 96-100%

Monday, July 8, 2024
The Sun:  Sunrise 05:52, Sunset 21:18.
The Moon:  Moonrise 08:05, Moonset 23:16, Moon phase: waxing crescent waxing crescent
 Geomagnetic Field: Quiet

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +13...+15 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
northwest
Wind: light breeze, northwest, speed 7 km/h
Relative humidity: 74-83%
Cloudiness: 4%
Atmospheric pressure: 976 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +14...+21 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
southwest
Wind: light breeze, southwest, speed 4-7 km/h
Relative humidity: 58-72%
Cloudiness: 2%
Atmospheric pressure: 977-980 hPa
Visibility: 100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +22...+24 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
southeast
Wind: light breeze, southeast, speed 4-7 km/h
Relative humidity: 53-56%
Cloudiness: 95%
Atmospheric pressure: 980 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Variably cloudy
Air temperature:
 +18...+23 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Variably cloudy
southwest
Wind: light air, southwest, speed 4 km/h
Relative humidity: 60-80%
Cloudiness: 90%
Atmospheric pressure: 980-981 hPa
Visibility: 100%

Tuesday, July 9, 2024
The Sun:  Sunrise 05:52, Sunset 21:18.
The Moon:  Moonrise 09:14, Moonset 23:36, Moon phase: waxing crescent waxing crescent
 Geomagnetic Field: Quiet

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Light cloud cover in the sky, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +16...+18 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Light cloud cover in the sky, no precipitation
northwest
Wind: light air, northwest, speed 4 km/h
Relative humidity: 81-82%
Cloudiness: 21%
Atmospheric pressure: 980-981 hPa
Visibility: 100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Clear skies, no precipitation
Air temperature:
 +17...+22 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Clear skies, no precipitation
southern
Wind: light air, southern, speed 4 km/h
Relative humidity: 69-80%
Cloudiness: 4%
Atmospheric pressure: 980-981 hPa
Visibility: 100%

by dayfrom 12:01 to 18:00Sometimes short-term rains
Air temperature:
 +23...+26 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Sometimes short-term rains
southeast
Wind: light breeze, southeast, speed 4-7 km/h
Relative humidity: 59-66%
Cloudiness: 21%
Atmospheric pressure: 979-981 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 0,1 mm
Visibility: 100%

in the eveningfrom 18:01 to 00:00Sometimes short-term rains
Air temperature:
 +19...+25 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Sometimes short-term rains
northern
Wind: light air, northern, speed 4 km/h
Relative humidity: 65-87%
Cloudiness: 9%
Atmospheric pressure: 979-980 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 1,8 mm
Visibility: 87-100%

Wednesday, July 10, 2024
The Sun:  Sunrise 05:53, Sunset 21:17.
The Moon:  Moonrise 10:20, Moonset 23:54, Moon phase: waxing crescent waxing crescent
 Geomagnetic Field: Quiet

at nightfrom 00:01 to 06:00Sometimes short-term rains
Air temperature:
 +16...+18 °CThe air temperature will go down
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Sometimes short-term rains
northwest
Wind: light breeze, northwest, speed 4-7 km/h
Relative humidity: 79-86%
Cloudiness: 1%
Atmospheric pressure: 980 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 1,6 mm
Visibility: 91-100%

in the morningfrom 06:01 to 12:00Sometimes short-term rains
Air temperature:
 +17...+23 °CThe temperature will rise
Weather patterns and meteorological conditions:
Sometimes short-term rains
southwest
Wind: light breeze, southwest, speed 4-7 km/h
Relative humidity: 69-78%
Cloudiness: 1%
Atmospheric pressure: 980-981 hPa
Amount of precipitations: 0,2 mm
Visibility: 98-100%

Temperature trend on the chart

Additional data

Country:Italy
Telephone country code:+39
Location:Piedmont
District:Province of Turin
The name of the city or village:Grugliasco
Time zone:Europe/Rome, GMT . winter time
Coordinates:Latitude: 45.0681; Longitude: 7.57762;
Aliases (In other languages):English: GrugliascoРусский: ГрульяскоУкраїнська: Грульяско
 
Grujasch, ITGRG, gururiasuko
The project was created and is maintained by FDSTAR company, 2024

Weather in Grugliasco

© MeteoCast.ua - weather forecast in your city and your country. All rights reserved, 2024
Privacy Policy

Options of weather forecast displaying
Display temperature:  
 
 
Show the pressure:  
 
 
Display wind speed: